Cuba's National Office of Statistics and Information reported that the country closed 2025 with a fertility rate of 1.29 children per woman and a total population decrease of 313,414 inhabitants.
Key points
- The official population at the end of 2025 stood at 9,434,593, though independent estimates place the actual figure significantly lower.
- A total of 245,264 people emigrated during 2025, contributing to a loss of over 1.25 million working-age individuals in the past five years.
- Recorded births dropped to 68,064 while general deaths reached 136,214, resulting in a negative natural population growth rate of -7.1 per 1,000 inhabitants.
- Adults aged 60 and older now comprise 26.7 percent of the population, maintaining Cuba's status as the most aged country in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Why it matters
The deepening demographic crisis, marked by historic low birth rates, mass emigration of working-age citizens, and an aging population, severely compromises Cuba's future economic recovery and social sustainability.
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